Which principle focuses on minimizing harm and maximizing benefits to participants?

• A. Autonomy
• B. Justice
• C. Veracity
• D. Beneficence

Answer: (D)

Beneficence is the principle that guides actions to promote clients’ well-being and to prevent or reduce harm. When a question focuses on minimizing harm and maximizing benefits for participants, it points to doing what will most improve their welfare and lessen potential risks. In practice, this means selecting interventions that have clear benefits, avoiding or mitigating risks, and acting in ways that support the client's overall welfare.

Autonomy focuses on respecting a person’s right to make their own decisions; Justice centers on fairness and equal treatment; Veracity emphasizes truthfulness. While these are important ethical considerations, they don’t inherently emphasize maximizing benefits and minimizing harm to participants in the way Beneficence does.